Information Design is something that fascinates me. How do you make complicated information understandable for the masses? This was exactly the problem that the NYC Subway system faced after many transit systems were consolidated into a single integrated network. The result was a complex system of stops and connections, which was difficult for passengers to understand.
Unimark International was hired to create signage that simplified the complex system. Noorda and Vignelli members of Unimark International developed a signage play based on a single principle: deliver the necessary information at the point of decision. Their goal was to simplify the vast options of the subway down to clear choices so that people were not overwhelmed while trying to navigate the subway.
In addition to new signage Vignelli unveiled a new subway map which refined the routes to be more geometric in appearance. Vignelli’s map limited subway routes to 90 & 45 degree angles to prevent the map from appearing too cluttered and confusing. While the map was visually pleasing and conveyed the necessary information to passengers Vignelli overlooked a major flaw in his design. That flaw was the already existing grid system of Manhattan streets. Vignelli’s map had flaws because it attempted to warp peoples understanding of Manhattan’s street layout therefore people who were used to navigating their way through the city became confused by Vignell’s map and complained to the city.
Ultimately Vignelli’s Map was replaced by a more geographically accurate map however, the the map lacked the visual clarity of Vignelli’s. The lesson that can be learned from Vignelli’s Map is that often information design has unseen boundaries that cannot be altered. The best way to design then is to figure out other limitations that may affect your project and keep them in mind throughout the design process.